The Art Of Rhinoplasty
Rhinoplasty is the most commonly performed in facial plastic surgery. The name is a blend of the word rhino (nose) and plasty (to shape). Rhinoplasty also commonly called a nose job. The goal of Rhinoplasty should be a nose that looks and feels natural. Rhinoplasty can be performed to meet anesthetic goals or for reconstructive purposes to correct defects or breathing problems.
Rhinoplasty was first developed by sushruta, an important physician, who lived in ancient India circa 500 BC. He and his later students and disciples used Rhinoplasty to reconstruct noses that were amputed as punishment and for crimes. He developed the techniques of forehead flap Rhinoplasty which is practiced almost unchanged to this day. This knowledge of plastic surgery existed in India up to late 18 century. The first intranasal Rhinoplasty in the west was performed by john Orlando roe in 1887. In 1898 Jacques Joseph used it for cosmetic purposes to help those who felt that the shape or size of their nose caused them embarrassment and social discomfort.
What can Rhinoplasty achieve?
Many features which are not desirable in a nose may be improved through cosmetic surgery. Noses may be made narrower, straighter, longer or shorter. Humps may be removed and the shape, size and angle and definition of the tip of the nose may be altered. Breathing problems caused by a deviated septum may be corrected. Rhinoplasty may be performed at any time after facial growth has been completed that is age 15-16 for women and age 16-17 for men. The ideal outcome in Rhinoplasty is a natural appearing with balance and harmony, enhancing beauty of the eyes and lips.
Risks involved:
Because of the special nature of the blood supply to the nose and surrounding area, it is possible for retrograde infections from the nasal area to spread to the brain. To reduce the risks follow the doctors advice both before and after the surgery.
Surgical procedure:
Surgery can be performed under general anesthesia with local anesthesia depending on patient or doctors preference. Incisions are made inside the nostrils sometimes; tiny incisions are also made on the columella, the bit of skin that separates the nostrils. The surgeon first separates soft tissues of the nose from the underlying structures, then reshapes the cartilage and bone which causes the deformity.
In some cases the surgeon may shape a small piece of the patients own cartilage or bone to strengthen or increase the structure of the nose. This is done for cosmetic reasons or to improve breathing and function of the nose. In rarer cases a synthetic implant may be used to reconstruct the nose if the normal structure of the bone and cartilage is badly damaged or weakened. Alloplastic synthetic are often associated with long term complications alternatively, cartilage from the septum, ear on rib may be used.
A tape dressing will cover the nose for one week, there may be some discoloration and swelling around the eyes which will improve over 5-7 days. One week is usually enough time for returning to work and social activities.
Dave Stringham is the President of LookingYourBest.com an online resource for plastic surgery in Los Angeles. Learn more about breast augmentation and cosmetic surgery procedures at http://www.lookingyourbest.com/plasticsurgeon/cities/LosAngeles and http://www.richardbprice.com.com.
Thinking About Breast Plastic Surgery And Implants? Learn The Cold Hard Facts Before You Commit
In many countries today health insurers will reimburse the insertion of breast implants only for clinical indications including congenital abnormalities, sex-reassignment surgery and breast reconstruction, usually following a mastectomy. And non-cosmetic clinical indications for the use of breast implants include breast reconstruction, sex reassignment surgery, and for abnormalities, usually congenital, that affect the shape and size of the breast. Breast implants have been used since as early as 1895 to augment the size or shape of women’s breasts and the earliest known implant was attempted by Czerny, using a woman’s own fatty tissue from a benign fatty tumor on her back.
Saline-filled breast implants were first manufactured and distributed in France in 1964 and were introduced by Arion with the goal of surgically placing them using smaller incisions than they were using. Dr. Thomas Cronin and Dr. Frank Gerow, two Houston, Texas, plastic surgeons, developed the first silicone breast prosthesis with the Dow Corning Corporation in back in 1961.
There have been many types of breast implants developed other than the saline filled and silicone gel filled, including polypropylene string implants and soy oil, but these are not commonly used, if at all. And leakage of oil into the body cavity during a rupture would not be good. Silicone gel implants have a silicone shell and are filled with a viscous silicone gel. In the mid 1980s, advances in manufacturing principles brought about the elastomer-coated shells to decrease the bleeding of gel and are filled with a thicker, more cohesive gel. These implants are sold under very restricted conditions in the U.S. and Canada and are used in other countries.
Because saline implants are empty when they are surgically inserted, the scar is smaller than it is for silicone gel breast implants which are already filled with silicone before they are placed. One manufacturer did produce a model of pre-filled saline implants but it’s been reported to have had high failure rates following breast plastic surgery. For women with very little breast tissue, or for post-mastectomy reconstruction, plastic surgeons believe that silicone gel implants are superior but in patients with more breast tissue, the saline implants can look similar to silicone gel implants. The end result of course with insertion of either type of implant is to get a look of natural breast enhancement.
One study reported that only 30% of ruptures in patients with no symptoms are accurately detected by the most experienced plastic surgeons, compared to 86% detected by MRI. Since the early 1990s, a number of independent reviewers have examined the studies concerning links between silicone gel breast implants and systemic diseases and the consensus of these reviews is that there is no clear evidence of a causal link between the implantation of silicone breast implants in breast plastic surgery and systemic disease. However it’s always important to know who is funding these studies and that should clearly be stated.
When silicone implants rupture they rarely deflate but the silicone gel from the implant can leak out into the intracapsular space around the implant area.
In breast plastic surgery the risk and treatment of extracapsular silicone gel is still controversial; plastic surgeons agree that it’s difficult to remove, but there is still disagreement about the lasting health effects. Extracapsular silicone gel has the potential to migrate to other parts of the body, but most clinical complications have appeared to be limited to the breast and axillae as inflammatory nodules (granulomas) and enlarged lymph glands in the armpit area called axillary lymphadenopathy. If it migrates to other parts of the body it’s not been proven yet. There is a general international consensus in the medical field that silicone gel implants in breast plastic surgery have not been shown to cause systemic illness, excluding the possibility that a small group of patients may become ill through unknown mechanisms may prove difficult. But this has been questioned by many women experiencing a variety of health issues.
Researchers must study and compare a very large group of women without breast implants who are of similar age, health, and social status and who are followed for a long time, such as 10 to 20 years, before a relationship between the women with breast implants and any known diseases can be made.
An intracapsular rupture can progress to outside the capsule, which is called an extracapsular rupture, and it’s generally agreed that both conditions indicate the need for removal of the implant. The local complications that can occur with placement of breast implants include post-operative bleeding, fluid collections, surgical site infection, breast pain, alterations in nipple sensation, interference with breast feeding, visible wrinkling, asymmetric appearance, wound dehiscence with potential implant exposure, thinning of the breast tissue, and a disruption of the natural plane between the breasts.
The surgical procedure for breast augmentation takes approximately one to two hours, but the lasting effects of breast plastic surgery, both good and bad, will be around for many years. Make sure you choose a plastic surgeon that is board certified if you decide to go ahead. As with any decision, make sure to weigh the benefits and risks carefully before proceeding with any breast enlargement. And after weighing the risks and benefits you may want to consider a form of natural breast enhancement.
For info on breast plastic surgery and breast implants visit http://www.Breast-Plastic-Surgery.net a nurse’s website for tips on breast enlargement, breast reconstruction, complications, problems, low cost breast plastic surgery, medical travel, and breast augmentation
Body Contouring Procedures: Arm Lift And Thigh Lift Surgery
You may be a candidate for thighplasty if you have experienced a loss of skin elasticity of the thigh, hip, or buttock areas. You may also desire this procedure if your skin in the thigh area is saggy, has an orange peel, flabby and/or dimpled appearance. The procedure may also be indicated if your thigh appearance improves dramatically when you lift the lax skin.
If you are self-conscious about your lower body appearance you may also want to look into this procedure. The procedure is intended to produce tighter, more attractive thigh and buttock skin with improved contours. It is also intended to decrease irregularities in skin surface.
The procedure is performed under general anesthesia on an outpatient basis unless otherwise advised by the surgeon. Wide variations in the design of the incisions to meet clothing or personal desires are possible. Lifting the inner thighs requires only short incisions extending from the anterior part of the thigh/groin crease around to the buttock crease. Lateral or anterior thigh lifts can be performed as separate procedures if desired. The buttocks can be lifted with upper or lower scars. The doctor will show you what specific procedures are available to solve your particular problem.
The patient is placed in a compression garment (similar to a long?line elastic support girdle) at the end of surgery to reduce swelling and assist in the natural shrinking and tightening of the skin. With smaller thigh lifts, initial discomfort is usually easily controlled with prescription pain medication. With larger thigh lifts, one or two nights care in a skilled nursing facility or hospital are usually required.
This allows for pain injections, intravenous catheters, etc. Bruising and swelling usually subside within a month, strenuous activities are usually possible in 6 weeks and almost all symptoms are gone in 4-6 months.
Additional procedures that may enhance the result include Liposuction, Breast Enlargement and Tummy Tuck.
This procedure is considered cosmetic and therefore is not covered by insurance. The patient is responsible for payment. The specific risks and the suitability of this procedure for a given individual can be determined only at the time of consultation. All surgical procedures have some degree of risk. Minor complications that do not affect the outcome occur occasionally. Major complications are unusual.
If you have unsightly sagging skin on the upper arms due to aging, genetics, or weight loss, you may be a candidate for upper arm lift. The procedure is intended to reduce or eliminate excess skin from the upper arms.
The procedure is usually done under general anesthesia. In order to remove the unwanted skin, an incision is required that runs from near the elbow into the armpit. The incision is placed in the most inconspicuous location (inner arm toward the back), but some scarring will always be visible.
After surgery, the upper arms are either wrapped or placed in an elastic sleeve to reduce swelling. Initial healing usually occurs in 10-14 days. Sutures are usually removed within the first 24 weeks. Swelling and bruising gradually disappear over 3-4 weeks. All swelling is gone in 3-6 months. The scars fade in 6-24 months depending on your skin. An additional procedure that may enhance the result is Liposuction of the upper arms.
This procedure is considered cosmetic and therefore is not covered by insurance. The patient is responsible for payment. The specific risks and the suitability of this procedure for a given individual can be determined only at the time of consultation. All surgical procedures have some degree of risk. Minor complications that do not affect the outcome occur occasionally. Major complications are unusual.
Dave Stringham is the President of LookingYourBest.com an online resource for plastic surgery in Los Angeles. Learn more about breast augmentation and cosmetic surgery procedures at http://www.lookingyourbest.com/plasticsurgeon/cities/LosAngeles and http://www.drteitelbaum.com.
Freshen The Skin With A Chemical Peel
As we age our skin changes. Lines and wrinkles are caused naturally with age, heredity and the pull of gravity. Abusing one’s skin by over exposure to the sun, smoking, alcohol consumption, air conditioning and pollution all increase the ageing process faster. Fine lines, wrinkles & irregular pigmentation appear in the face where there was once soft, smooth skin.
Chemical peeling is a technique used to freshen the skin, soften fine lines, increase the circulation and improve the skin overall. It lightens pigmentation of the skin in the form of sun spots, liver spots, freckles, blotchiness due to sun damage & taking birth control pills. Mild acne scarring & certain types of acne can be treated.
Chemical peels have been performed for over 70 years. There are 2 types of chemical solutions used in these types of peels. Phenol and Trichloro Acetic Acid (TCA). Phenol is not commonly used anymore, as it can have many side effects.
Today we approach the skin differently by peeling less deeply and more often.
The depth of the peel can be adjusted depending on the patients needs, skin type and skin damage. Your face will be cleaned thoroughly with a special prep to remove any dirt or oil. The TCA solution is painted on the skin. A white “frosting” occurs over 5 minutes. The white colour will diminish as the chemical has been absorbed. Your face will then appear slightly sunburnt and feel tight.
The chemical applied causes separation and eventual peeling of upper layers of skin, enabling new regenerated skin to appear.
As the new skin is fragile and more susceptible to injury during the healing stage avoidance of the sun for the next 3 months is mandatory as the skins tanning cells are too immature to protect it. It is important to where sun protection & a hat. It is also a good idea to sit in the shade where ever possible in these 3 months.
In some states, no medical degree is required to perform a chemical peel – even the strongest phenol peels. Many states have laws that permit non-physicians to administer certain peel solutions, but regulate the strengths which they are permitted to apply. You should be warned that phenol and TCA peels have been offered by inadequately trained practitioners claiming “miracletechniques” to rejuvenate the skin.
It is very important that you find a physician who has adequate training and experience in skin resurfacing. Your plastic surgeon may offer you a choice of peel techniques or suggest a combination of peels to obtain the best result for you.
During your initial consultation, it is important that you discuss your expectations with your plastic surgeon. Don’t hesitate to ask any questions or express any concerns that you may have. Expect your plastic surgeon to explain the planned procedure in detail, including its risks and benefits, the recovery period and the costs. If you have a history of herpes, you should inform your physician prior to the procedure. Remember, chemical peel treatments are usually not covered by medical insurance unless they are performed for medically related problems.
Dave Stringham is the President of LookingYourBest.com an online resource for plastic surgery in Hawaii. Learn more about breast augmentation and non surgical procedures at http://www.lookingyourbest.com/plasticsurgeon/states/Hawaii and http://www.athenaclinic.com.